Restoration technology of mild salinized grassland in Bashang Plateau
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图 2
(Photo taken on July 5, 2020, Li Qing, Chahanur National Wetland Park, Shangyi County)
图 4
(Photo taken on July 5, 2022, Li Qing, Chahanur National Wetland Park, Shangyi County)
表 1 Give a few answers, and choose up to five
√Improve the biological power of the vegetation √Reduce, prevent, and restore degraded land √Improve or protect the soil √Protect or restore ecosystems √To maintain / enhance biodiversity Reduce the risk of disasters (e. g. drought, droughts, floods, sandstorms, etc.) Adaptation to climate change and its effects (e. g., enhanced resilience to drought and warming) Mitigating climate change and its impacts (e. g. increased carbon sink capacity) Generduce economic benefits (e. g. increased income) Genering social benefits (e. g. reducing the consumption of natural resources and reducing poverty) Other uses (detailed description): ………………………………………………………………… 
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表 2
Semi-fixed sand Flow sand Sand grassland Salted grassland Activated wind erosion pit Degradation of woodland Sand cultivated land else
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表 3
climatic province: Middle-temperate continental monsoon climate average annual precipitation /mm 300~450 Annual annual evaporation rate / mm 1600-2000 Annual temperature / ℃ 2.1~4.1 maximum air temperature /℃ 36.1~36.7 minimum air temperature /℃ -39.9~-34.3 Average annual wind speed / m / s 3.2~3.6 Note: Precipitation, evaporation, air temperature and wind speed in the table are calculated according to the mean value of national weather stations from 1980 to 2010.
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表 4 County, township or climate area, and give the longitude and latitude of the application location of the project.
To the province County (flag) The township climatic province longitude latitude height /m Hebei Province Shangyi County Chahannor National Grassland Park Middle-temperate continental monsoon climate 114.018 41.453 1277
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表 5 Terrain and landform conditions
height landform mean inclination aspect Slope < 100 m √ level the land √Flat slope (0-5%) √ adret √Upper slope 101-500 m hillside Slow slope (6-15%) √ Schattenseite √Middle slope 501-1, 000 m Downs slope Slope (16-25%) √Admito half Yang slope √Down slope √ 1, 001-1, 500 m hillside fields Sharp slope (26-35%) √Vacation half Yin slope √ 1, 501-2, 000 m √ valley bottom 2, 001-2, 500 m sand dune 2501-3, 000 m Flat sand Flat arable land
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表 6 Edaphic condition
agrotype soil texture Effective soil thickness Organic matter content of the topsoil soil hardness Soil gravel content aeolian sandy soil sandy soil √ 0-20 cm √High level (> 3%) √ tall √Less gravel soil (1-5%) chestnut soil sandy loam √ 20-50 cm √Medium size (1-3%) √ centre √Medium-gravel soil (5-10%) calcic brown soil √ doras √ 50-100 cm √Low (< 1%) √ low √Multi-gravel soil (10-30%) cinnamon soil √ clay √ 100-200 cm Light gravel soil (30-50%) √ saline-alkali soil > 200 cm Medium-gravel soil (50-70%) else: Heavy gravel soil (> 70%)
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表 7 Vegetation condition
vegetation form Community coverage Vegetation degradation Artificial forest: (what kind of plantation) √ < 5% √Mild degeneracy of the uterus Sand vegetation: (what community) √ 5-15% √Moderate degeneration of the uterus Tuft: (What community) √ 15-25% √Severe involution of oneself √Grassland: sheep grass, grass, needle grass, white lotus wormwood (what kind of community) √ 25-40% Artificial forest has dry shoot phenomenon √Meadow: grass, vegetables, splendens, reed (what kind of community) √ > 40% The plantation has the death phenomenon else:
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表 8 Groundwater condition
The average buried depth √ < 1 m √ 3-5 m √ > 10 m √ 1-3 m √ 5-10 m
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表 9 For specific technologies, please select and fill in the relevant technical information according to the following technical categories.
sport technique segment technical essential Implementation of the season / month 1. Land preparation Land preparation: eradicating, leveling and cutting roots of stri. splendens
Eradication of A. splendens: If there is A. splendens, dig it out directly using a small excavator to destroy the soil and original vegetation outside the plant, and transport it to the designated place for treatment.
Cutting depth: should be determined according to the thickness of the turf, it is appropriate to cut the turf, generally 5-15cm can be;
Level off: level off the trenches and mounds in the area.
Other requirements: it is recommended to use root cutting, fertilization integrated machine for mechanical operations, and strive to do not turning or less turning, root cutting and fertilization operation simultaneously.May to June, completed before early summer 2. Apply fat Type of bottom fertilizer: organic fertilizer
Application quantity: 10 kg / mu
Other requirements: NoJune to July 3. Sowing Plant species: choose forage seeds with strong adaptability, it is best to adapt to the varieties with salt, cold, drought and long utilization life growing on the dam, especially the local wild forage grass or good forage grass cultivated by training. Grass species such as alkali grass, alfalfa, alkali grass and alkali canopy should be mixed, and alkali grass / alkali canopy should be sown separately. With the increase of saline and alkali degree, the proportion of alkali grass and alkali canopy should be appropriately increased.
Seed requirements: it is required to meet the third-level standards stipulated by the state (seed purity and germination rate are GB 6142-1985). All forage seeds with broken awn, selected and quantitative packaging (the seed quality inspection report issued by the provincial seed quality inspection department is required).
Sowing method: using root cutting, supplementary sowing, fertilization integrated machine for no-tillage strip sowing.
Sowing amount: the sowing amount per mu is not less than 1.5 kg.
Mixed broadcast ratio: alkali MAO: alkali peng =1:1;
Aline: alkali / alkali =2:1;
Grass: alfalfa: alkali grass: alkali grass =1:1:1:1.
Grass planting and sowing quantity can be adjusted appropriately according to the degree of salinity.
Sowing depth: The sowing depth is between 1.0-5.0cm.
Fertilization requirements: base fertilizer application of organic fertilizer, topdressing the use of biological bacteria fertilizer. The products must meet the national quality and technical standards, and the production in the current year shall not be the old with the new, the base fertilizer and grass seeds are mixed with the grass seed; topdressing is generally applied in spring, branch, and bud. The total fertilization amount of base fertilizer and topdressing shall not be less than 15 kg / mu.June-July 4. Field management Enclosure: with, high standard molded fence / barbed wire fence (with or without)
Fertilization situation: yes, topdressing fertilizer is used with biological bacteria fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer per mu is not less than 5 kg (with or no, fertilizer type, fertilizer quantity, etc.)
Supplementary sowing situation: some, summer bare patches to strengthen the supplementary sowing.
Pest control: after forage grass sowing, strengthen field management, timely control diseases and pests. For pest control, high efficiency, low toxicity, economic and safe cypermethrin, and D botox are generally used for rodent control. The use of secondary poisoning and serious environmental pollution is strictly prohibited.annual 5. Other
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表 10
labour cost 825 yuan / ha Mechanical cost RMB 6, 375 yuan / ha cost of material RMB 3, 840 yuan / ha Water cost (if irrigation is required) 0Yuan / ha total cost RMB 11, 040 yuan / ha
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