Moderately degraded Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation strip transformation technology in Horqin sandy land

Moderately degraded Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation strip transformation technology in Horqin sandy land

计量
- 文章访问数: 88
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-08

1. Introduction

Stripe felling is adopted to the moderately degraded Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in Horqin sandy land. Firstly, a felling stripe with the width of about 12 m was formed, and then suitable tree species of coniferous and broad-leaved trees are planted in the felling stripe. The health status of the remaining trees was improved after stripe transformation, the contents of soil moisture and nutrients increased significantly, and multi-storied uneven aged forest was formed with new planted trees and maintained trees. The technology is suitable for the restoration of moderately degraded Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv plantation in Horqin sandy land.

2. Applicable conditions

2.1 The main use(s) of the technology

■ increase production(crop, fodder, wood/ fibre, water, energy)

■ reduce, prevent, restore land degradation (soil, water, vegetation)

□ conserve ecosystem

■ preserve/ improve biodiversity

■ reduce risk of disasters (e.g. droughts, floods, landslides)

□ adapt to climate change/ extremes and its impacts (e.g. resilience to droughts, storms)

□ mitigate climate change and its impacts (e.g. through carbon sequestration)

□ create economic benefits (e.g. increase income/ employment opportunities)

□ create social benefits (e.g. reduce conflicts on natural resources, support marginalized groups)

□ other purpose (specify): ……………………………………………………………………………………………

2.2 Types of degraded land to which the technology is applicable

□ Semi-fixed sandy land

□ Shifting sandy land

□ Desertified grassland

□ Saline-alkali grassland

□ Active wind-erosion pit

■ Degraded forestland

□ Desertified cultivated land

□ Other types

2.3 The climatic conditions to which the technology is applicable

Climate zones	Temperate semi-arid zone, temperate sub-humid zone
Average annual precipitation/mm	350-650mm	Average annual evaporation/mm	1000-1800mm
Average annual temperature/℃	5 to 9℃	Maximum temperature/℃	40℃
Minimum temperature/℃	-40℃	Average annual wind speed/ m/s	2~4 m/s
Note: Precipitation, evaporation, air temperature and wind speed in the table are average values over the 1980-2010 period. The climatic data were obtained from local national weather stations.

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

2.4 The origin of the technology

2 Basic information of the demonstration area

Province	County	Township	Climate zones	Longitude	Latitude	Elevation/m
Liaoning Province	Zhanwu County	Zhanggutai Town	Temperate sub-humid zone	122°33'38″E	42°43'02"N	220

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

3. Site conditions suitable for the technology

3 Topographical conditions

Elevation	Topography	Slope gradient	Slope direction	Slope position
□ < 100 m	□ Flat lands	□ Flat (0-5%)	□ Sunny	□ Up
■ 101-500 m	□ Hillside	□ Gentle (6-15%)	□ Shady	□ Middle
■ 501-1, 000 m	□ Hilly slopes	□ Slope (16-25%)	□ Half-sunny	□ Down
■ 1, 001-1, 500 m	□ Slopes	□ Steep (26-35%)	□ Half-shady
□ 1, 501-2, 000 m	□ Valley floor
□ 2, 001-2, 500 m	■ Sand dunes
□ 2501-3, 000 m	■ Flat sandy land
	□ Cultivated land that slopes gently

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

4 Soil condition

Soil types	Soil texture	Effective soil layer thickness	Organic matter content of surface soils	Soil hardness	Soil gravel content
■ Aeolian sandy soil	■ Sandy soil	□ 0-20 cm	□ High(> 3%)	□High	■ Light gravelly soil (1-5%)
□ Calcium chestnut soil	■ Sandy loamy soil	■ 20-50 cm	□ Medium(1-3%)	□ Medium	□ Medium gravelly soil (5-10%)
□ Brown calcium soil	□ Loamy soil	■ 50-100 cm	■ Low(< 1%)	■ Low	□ Gravelly soil (10-30%)
□ Cinnamon soil	□Clay	■ 100-200 cm			□ Light gravel (30-50%)
□ Saline-alkali soil		■ > 200 cm			□ Medium gravel (50-70%)
□ Others:					□ Heavy gravel soil (> 70%)

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

5 Vegetation status

Vegetation type	Community coverage	Vegetation degradation status
■ Planted forests: (Pinus sylvestris Plantation)	□ < 5%	□ Light
□ Sandy vegetation: (what kind of community)	□ 5-15%	■ Moderate
□ Bush: (what kind of community)	□ 15-25%	□ Severe
□Grassland: (what kind of community)	□ 25-40%	■ Artificial forest with dead tree tops
□Meadows: (what kind of community)	■ > 40%	■ Artificial forest with dead trees
□Others:

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

6 Groundwater status

Average buried depth
□ < 1 m
□ 1-3 m
■ 3-5 m
■ 5-10 m
■ > 10 m

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

4. Technical contents

7 For specific technologies, please fill in the relevant technical information by selecting the technology category below.

Technological flow	The main points of the technology	Season / month of implementation
1. Selective felling	Proportion of thinning: 20% to 60%. Method of operation: manual, mechanical. Thinning method: row strip thinning, width of thinning strip about 12m. Other requirements: keep the rows clear of dying and dead wood.	Winter
2. Pruning	Pruning of retained trees. Pruning intensity: crown height ratio 1:3 to 1:4. Pruning cycle: 5 to 10 years.	Winter
3. Land preparation	Preparation method: ditching preparation or hole preparation, mainly ditching preparation. Requirements: 30-40cm depth for ditching preparation, 40cm long × 40cm wide × 40-50cm deep for cavity preparation.	Spring
4. Transformation	Seedling species: coniferous trees are Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. var. zhangwuensis Zhang, Li et Yuan var. nov., Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc., Pinus syluestriformis (Takenouchi)T.Wang ex Cheng, Pinus banksiana Lamb, etc.; broad-leaved trees are Acer truncatum Bunge, Populus alba × P. Berolinensis, etc. Seedling specifications: coniferous trees are 3-5 year old container seedlings with a height of more than 30cm; broad-leaved trees are 2-year old container seedlings or bare-root seedlings with a height of more than 30cm. Species configuration: conifer-conifer mixed, conifer-broad mixed. Spacing among plants: 2m × 3m, 2m × 4m, 3m × 3m, 3m × 4m. Planting pit specifications: 40cm × 40cm × 40cm for coniferous trees and 40cm × 40cm × 50cm for broad-leaved trees. Watering: water once as spring planting and the time and frequency of watering will be determined by drought conditions. Other requirements: coniferous trees such as Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. var. zhangwuensis Zhang, Li et Yuan var. nov., Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv. and Pinus banksiana Lamb. are planted at a density of 1, 800 plants hm-2 or less; broad-leaved trees such as Populus alba × P. Berolinensis and Acer truncatum Bunge are planted at a density of 1, 250 to 1, 800 plants hm-2.	Spring, July to August
5. Others	Enclosures. Irrigation: Yes, watering time and frequency depends on drought conditions.
Schedules or annexes (if there are relevant technical parameters indicators, you can add the schedule or annex information here)

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

5. Technological cost

Labour costs	2000 RMB/ha
Machinery costs	1500 RMB/ha
Cost of materials	8000 RMB/ha
Water cost (if irrigation was required)	500 RMB/ha
Total cost	12, 000 RMB/ha

下载: 导出CSV

| 显示表格

6. Demonstrations

Stand landscape comparison before and after technology implementation.

1 Stand landscape of moderately degraded Pinus sylvestris plantations before row (belt) conversion (2013)